WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an open-source technology that enables real-time voice, video calls, and peer-to-peer data transfer on web browsers and mobile apps without the need for plugins or third-party software. The WebRTC connection establishment process involves multiple steps, including signaling server interaction, offer/answer exchange, ICE candidate exchange, and establishing a data channel. Key components of WebRTC include signaling server, RTCPeerConnection for managing connections, Offer and Answer for session descriptions, session descriptions for negotiating communication parameters, and channels for data and media transmission. ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) plays a crucial role in resolving network connectivity issues by facilitating NAT traversal, optimal path selection, and connection recovery. ICE candidates, STUN servers, and TURN servers are essential components of the ICE process. ICE workflow includes candidate collection, candidate exchange, connection checks, and path selection.ICE is vital for WebRTC to function in complex networks. An example of a WebRTC-based peer-to-peer chat demonstrates the use of a signaling server to facilitate communication between clients.