WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an open-source technology that allows web browsers and mobile applications to achieve real-time audio, video calls, and peer-to-peer data transmission through a simple API without requiring any plugins or third-party software. The WebRTC connection establishment process involves multiple steps, including connecting to a signaling server, exchanging Offer/Answer messages, ICE candidate exchange, establishing connections, and communicating through data channels. WebRTC core components include signaling servers, RTCPeerConnection for managing connections, Offer and Answer for session description, and ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) for solving network connectivity issues. ICE handles NAT traversal, optimal path selection, and connection recovery by utilizing candidates, STUN, and TURN servers. ICE is essential for WebRTC to work in complex network environments. An example of a point-to-point chat using WebRTC involves a signaling server that facilitates communication between clients by handling offer, answer, and ICE candidate messages.