WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an open-source technology that enables real-time communication between web browsers and mobile applications for voice, video calls, and data transfer without requiring plugins. The WebRTC connection establishment process involves various steps, including signaling server interaction, Offer/Answer exchange, ICE candidate exchange, connection establishment, and data channel communication. Key components of WebRTC include Signaling Server, RTCPeerConnection, Offer and Answer, Description, and Channel. ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) plays a crucial role in resolving network connectivity issues by facilitating NAT traversal, optimal path selection, and connection recovery. Overall, WebRTC uses ICE to establish peer-to-peer connections in complex network environments. An example of a peer-to-peer chat application based on WebRTC utilizing signaling servers for offer, answer, and ICE candidate exchange is provided.